What is an isolated quantity of material from a single source that is assumed to have controlled process properties called?

A lot refers to an isolated quantity of material that comes from a single source and is produced under controlled process conditions. This term is crucial in quality control because it allows inspectors and engineers to assess the uniformity and reliability of the material before it is used. By defining a specific quantity as a lot, it becomes easier to evaluate its properties, conduct tests, and ensure compliance with specifications.

Each lot is often subject to sampling procedures, and this is where the concept connects to the other terms. For instance, samples are taken from a lot for testing, but they do not represent the entirety of the lot; rather, they provide a way to make inferences about the qualities of the whole. Thus, distinguishing between these terms is important for clarity in discussions of material properties and quality assurance in hot mix asphalt production.

While the other options represent related concepts, they do not encapsulate the notion of a controlled quantity from a single source with consistent properties as accurately as the term "lot".